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Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all. 2.2 billion people still lack safely managed drinking water, while 3.4 billion are without safely managed sanitation.

Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable, and modern energy for all. 645 million people are projected to still lack electricity by 2030 without accelerated action.

Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient, and sustainable. Over half the world lives in cities, projected to reach 70% by 2050.

Ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns. One-fifth of all food available to consumers — 1.05 billion tonnes — is wasted annually.

Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts. Global greenhouse gas emissions hit a record 57.1 gigatons of CO₂ equivalent in 2023.

Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas, and marine resources. Over 17 million metric tons of pollution enter the ocean annually, set to triple by 2040.

Protect, restore, and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems. 100 million hectares of forest were lost between 2000 and 2020.