Affordable & Clean Energy
Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable, and modern energy for all. 645 million people are projected to still lack electricity by 2030 without accelerated action.
75% of greenhouse gas emissions come from the energy sector
The Numbers That Matter
Why It Matters
Energy is central to nearly every challenge and opportunity the world faces. Global electricity access reached 92% in 2023, up from 84% in 2010, yet without accelerated investment, 645 million people will still lack electricity and 1.8 billion will lack clean cooking by 2030.
Read the full picture
Renewable energy is the fastest-growing source and surpassed coal as the primary electricity source in 2025. Clean cooking fuel access rose from 64% to 74% between 2015 and 2023. However, energy intensity improvements need to double to 4% per year to meet the 2030 target. The energy sector produces 75% of all greenhouse gas emissions, making the transition to clean energy critical for climate goals. International public flows to developing countries for clean energy reached $21.6 billion in 2023, but annual investments need to reach $4.2–4.5 trillion by 2030.
Topics Covered
Take Action
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Energy Audit at Home
Conduct a full home energy audit and switch to efficient alternatives.
Renewable Energy Advocate
Research and present a case for renewable energy adoption in your area.
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Each SDG is interconnected. Discover how other goals relate to Clean Energy.
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